Competence in Counseling Essay - 1574 Words

Running head: Counseling A Comprehensive Profession Aspects Of Counseling Tearia Hill William Carey University Aspects of Counseling Abstract Counseling is the professional guidance in resolving personal conflicts and emotional problems. It is advice, opinion, or instruction given in direction the judgment or conduct of another. Knowing how to posses personal qualities such as maturity, empathy, warmth, understanding, and knowledge. From a legal stand point ethics, morality, and law must be strongly conformed. It is accurate decision-making, knowing appropriate words to use, and knowledge of the governing standards that is required. Also knowing accurate information about culture and ethnicity of the present society. Aspects†¦show more content†¦A good organizational personality trait of a counselor is their willingness to promote efficient case management techniques. Aspects of Counseling As an effective counselor one of the main qualities needed is patience. Go to the next step of explanation only when the patient has clearly understood the content of the information you have provided. Therefore the counselor needs to have enough sufficient time for the patient, and should also be a good listener. Let the patient express everything he/she has to say, and give your inputs once when the patient has finished talking. A counselor should be very observant and able to interpret non-verbal communication for example if the patient looks angry, and then find out the cause of his/her anger first. An effective counselor should provide non-possessive warmth in a counseling environment. Smile and show concern and acceptance by showing comfort, empathy, and understanding to the patient. Counselors should have good knowledge on the topic /problem like compliance to medication. Some people do not take medication for the same reasons, while others demand medication. Understanding the factors why people may not do certain activities at specific time will help you to assist them better. Try to understand the feelings the patient is having in the counseling process. In other words put yourself in his/her position. Give the patient the opportunity to makeShow MoreRelatedCultural Competence in Counseling1866 Words   |  8 PagesCultural competence and ethical responsibility of counselors is an issue that holds increasing importance. To be both multicultural and ethical is increasingly challenging. The population of the United States is changing quickly from a predominately white Caucasian society to an ethnically diverse society`. The Hispanic population, which represented only 9% of the population in 1990, is projected to increase to about 25% of the population by 2050 . The number of African Americans, Asian Americans/PacificRead MoreDeveloping Multicultural Counseling Competence : A Systems Approach1243 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidering concomitant issues related to classism, discuss the unique counseling challenges associated with each group. Support your assertions. Submit your thread by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of Module/Week 2. Submit your replies by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module/Week 2. Hays, D. G., Erford, B. T. (2014). Developing multicultural counseling competence: A systems approach (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Pearson. In counseling there are many factors to consider. The United States is one of theRead MoreThe Education Commission (1964-66), While Lamenting On1430 Words   |  6 Pagesand counseling including vocational placement, among student services. 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While discussing the AACC and ACA organizations standards, this paper will also look at three specific areas which we chosen to compare and contrast: confidentiality, fees, and competence. ACARead MoreWhat Does Diversity Do With Ethics?1075 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Does Diversity Have to Do with Ethics? When contemplating the subject of diversity in relation to ethics, several questions may arise for the first-year counseling student. These inquiries may be broad or rather specific. Primarily, one may wonder if the topic of diversity itself is such a significant subject that it is outlined in a code of ethics. Secondarily, if diversity is addressed, is it treated as a singular subject or broadly covered under an umbrella of principles? ConsequentlyRead MoreEvaluation Of A Theory Of Supervision828 Words   |  4 Pagesalterations to fit desired counseling personhood. Additionally, multiculturalism, supervisory relationships, and developmental stages will include specific framework influencing factors of Bernard and Goodyear’s discrimination model of supervision. Evaluative components for supervisor and supervisee will address potential satisfaction to the supervisory relationship. Clinical Supervision Clinical supervision provides learning experiences devoted to developing leadership and competence within mental healthRead MoreEthnolinguistics, Diversity, and Social Justice935 Words   |  4 Pageschild abuse, cannibalism, or others similar practices that pray on the rights of other individuals. In the context of healthcare and counseling, the notion of diversity reflects the identification of changing demographics and economics of a developing multicultural environment (Ratts, 2009). This recognition of diversity has challenged healthcare organizations and counseling providers to consider cultural diversity as a priority. However, providers should recognize that addressing diversity goes far beyondRead MoreEthical Analysis : Ethical Competence1121 Words   |  5 Pages Ethical competence is the key distinguisher between simply having skills and having a true sense of professionalism.Ethical competence can also be defined in terms of moral judgment, character willingness to do good, strength, and ethical awareness. Ethical competence results in the best possible solutions for the patient reduced moral distress at work (PARN 2015). Ethical competence is closely associated with the concept of emotional competence, which determines how well we handle ourselves and

Ethnography Reflection - 2288 Words

1. Raybeck used most of the techniques on page 71 in Thinking Like an Anthropologist. He established key informants including Yusof and Mat, administered oral surveys to prostitutes, collected kin relations, and mapped the community. He also participated in the night guard (jaga) to learn the layout of the community, get to know his fellow villagers, and perform his civic duty. (26, 54-55, 62, 112) 2. Raybeck incorporated life histories and case studies as well as the semantic differential, a psycholinguistic instrument to quantitative analyze the connotations of concepts. Douglas was accompanied by his girlfriend Karen. She could occasionally gain entry into situations where he could not. For example, she was invited to help prepare†¦show more content†¦Raybeck described his efforts as simple and ineffective with one or more of the desired village characteristics missing from each village he visited. He finally asked his friend Amin for a suggestion and Wakaf Bharu was the answer. This village met not only the academic criteria but also Raybecks personal desires of proximity to transportation and the state capital. Village entry was first gained after Raybeck rented a newly built house. He arranged to take the place of the homeowner on the night guard, making a statement that he was willing to be a member of the community by assuming some responsibilities for the privilege of residence. (22-26) 5. Raybeck admits that the best way to present oneself to a study community is to be persistently honest. He also immediately engages himself in the community by volunteering for the night guard in order to prove his willingness to share in the social life and responsibilities of the village. Despite Raybecks best efforts to remain inconspicuous and a part of the community, he was regarded as an untrusted authority by the villagers, nosy busybody, curious interloper, and even a CIA agent by the police. (24-27, 50, 86-88) 6. 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Additionally, my personal social identity willRead MoreThe Perils And Privileges Of Auto Ethnography1141 Words   |  5 PagesReading Response Week 4: The Perils and Privileges of Auto-Ethnography Although not mentioned in this week’s Marshall/Rossman chapter, feminism and autoethnography has popped up before in prior readings, so there is some familiarity with both concepts. Now comes what their synthesis looks like in practice. In this light the readings forced me to re-examine positionality, especially in the framework of auto-ethnography. At first I thought this was too obvious but in light of the titularRead MoreEssay about Ethnography1634 Words   |  7 PagesEthnography One of the most complex and interesting aspects of cultural anthropology is the ethnography. The idea of being able to read stories about groups of individuals is something that is intriguing to many people. 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More recently, some anthropologists advocate the incorporation of the self, or the use of reflexivity, in the research to acknowledge our biases; at the same time, enhance the quality of our ethnographies. Others further assert that reflexivity is the only way to complete ethnographies. These propositions prompted concerns and provoked intense criticisms among scholars from different areas of study. One argument maintains that while moderate use of reflexivity is necessary in ethnographic

Rehabilitating Offenders Effective Rehabilitation

Question: Describe about the Rehabilitating Offenders for Effective Rehabilitation. Answer: Introduction Rehabilitating offenders is not an easy task but when carried out successfully then an offender is able to change and live a normal file. For effective rehabilitation to take place, risk principle, need principle as well as responsivity principle must be strictly observed. When the society locks offenders in prison and does not provide a means by which the individual can understand why he or she committed the crime in the first place, then the corrective behavior will be hard to come by. Through interventions, recidivism can be significantly reduced. The interventions must be directly proportional to the severity of the offense (Christian, Martinez Veysey, 2009). Nigel is a serious and violent juvenile offender. He was charged with assault and robbery as well as other cases which involve violence. He is also a persistent offender which is as a result of various factors. First, Nigels father has served time in prison. Furthermore, both of his parents are alcoholics and he has suffered a lot in their hands since he was abused physically and psychologically. An environment where drugs are being abused by the very people who are supposed to be role models contributed to intergenerational transmission behavior (Crow, 2001). Nigel became an alcoholic just like his parents since his surrounding at home had easy access to it. Lack of social skills is also a great contributor. Mostly because of his harsh environment at home, he feels like everybody is judging him and looking down on him. His abuse in the past has contributed to him feeling a sense of satisfaction when he inflicts harm on those he thinks are looking down on him. It is safe to conclude that violence is the only mode of solving problems that he knows since he does not have a mentor to offer guidance (Flowers, 2002). Risk Assessment factors As far as assessment is concerned, high-risk offenders should be accorded the first priority. The criminal justice system is tasked with correctly predicting future violence. These predictions are critical since they aid in correctly identifying those inmates who require additional security, extra supervision as well as treatment. Making correct predictions is of topmost importance since making wrong predictions may lead to unnecessary restriction of liberties (Kemshall, 2008). Attachment theory According to attachment theory, it is very fundamental for people to have strong emotional and physical attachment to at least one primary care giver to ensure better personal development. In this case, Nigel does not have any attachment to his parents since they are not available to offer any support needed for development. Social ecology theory According to this theory, a childs ecological environment which comprises of siblings, community school, caregiver, peers as well as the extended family affects how he or she turn out to be as an adult. The hostile relationship between Nigel and his parents has contributed to the bad behavior observed in him. Actuarial risk assessment Actuarial risk assessment is most appropriate for this scenario since it more accurate than clinical prediction, reduces subjective biases, risk factor are empirically derived and finally risk scales can be tested for reliability (Priestley Vanstone, 2009). Nigel is a moderate risk offender, therefore, he should receive medium intensity program. This conclusion is based on actuarial risk assessment. The offender in question has been in several juvenile institutions for committing several violent offenses. Currently, he is serving a six-year sentence for assault and robbery. Nigels records in prison show that he has been charged with assault against fellow prisoners. These events show a consistent violent behavior that has lasted for several years. He also shows general recidivism by physically harming those he thinks are looking down on him. The act of constantly inflicting harm on people especially based on a misguided idea that another person is looking down on him which might not always be true is an important fact to be considered. Abuse of alcohol seems to also contribute to violence since when he drinks heavily his chances of engaging in violence increases significantly. Nigel should be enrolled in a prison-based violent offender program since it is directly related to assault and robbery. Violent offenders make up a significant number of prison population hence the need rehabilitate them so that they can eventually be released back to society having transformed their lives (Sherman, 2002). Vocational Training and Education As far as the case study is concerned, to try and rehabilitate Nigel vocational training and education should be introduced to him. Nigel is only nineteen years old hence he has his whole life ahead of him. The fact that Nigel has at only nineteen years of age is serving a six-year sentence and has been in juvenile institutions since his early teens, it would be safe to conclude that he has not progressed a lot as far as education is concerned. This view can be supported by several statistics and observations. Basically inmates have fewer job skills and less educated compared to the general population. Statistics collected from police detainees in Australia back in the year 2007 reveal that forty-three percent females and forty- seven percent males had not completed beyond year ten and only five percent had reached university (Dawe National Centre for Vocational Education Research (Australia), 2007). There is a link between employment and crime. It is worth noting that employment is also associated with education. High rates of unemployment lead to involvement in crime although this trend is usually more conspicuous among minority communities. Farrington research actually concludes that lack of employment does not in any way compel upstanding individuals to engage in crime but it hastens felonious rates of delinquency-prone youth. Education and training while in prison proves fundamental because of various benefits. Participating in basic and secondary education is linked with lower recidivism rates as well as a more stable employment. Tertiary education however, produces mixed results but a huge chunk of the results are positive. Vocational training is linked with fewer violations of parole, fewer recidivism rates, encouraging institutional disciplinary record as well as better post-release employment patterns (Sherman, 2002). Barriers Faced By Prisoners in Completing Courses As far as education is concerned, completing a course in prison proves difficult because of reasons like short prison sentences, waiting list for courses that is too long, inmates desire to make money in prison through paid prison work, early release or transfer to another prison as well as need for inmates to undertake other programs like offending behavior (Sherman, 2002). Treatment The treatment extended to the offender should focus on criminogenic needs. Criminogenic needs are essentially problems, issues or traits that are directly associated with the persons chance to re-offend and commit another offense. These needs are categorized into two that is static and dynamic factors. Static factors cannot be changed while dynamic factors are those that structural factors that make an individual commit a crime (Burkhead, 2007). As far as the case study is concerned, alcohol is a great contributor. Whenever Nigel drinks alcohol heavily, he comes more violent and the chances of committing an offence increase. If measures are taken to ensure that he quits drinking alcohol, it would reduce the chances of being violent significantly. Secondly, there are a lot of issues back at home especially in regards to his parents and the environment they all live in. Nigel has been abused psychologically and physically by her parents and they are never there to offer the support tha t an ordinary individual needs from a loved one. They have for a very long time deprived him of love, guidance and sufficient education and instead exposed him to drug abuse and a life of violence. If Nigel is to be successfully rehabilitated, then constant counseling and a change of environment where he will be able to live far away from his abusive parents must be implemented. These treatment strategies are mainly informed by the social ecology theory that talks of the relationship between environment and how it affects an individual (Richmond, 2006). As far as multisystemic interventions are concerned, Nigels parents should be encouraged to join parental training programs so that they can learn essential skills on how to handle children because judging from the treatment of their son, they have completely failed. The community should also get involved in establishing programs that ensure offenders who have served their time are welcomed back to society instead of being branded as robbers or thieves. Awareness should be made to the society that people can change their ways. When this is done, then social isolation is far much less likely and chances of repeating the offence also reduces significantly which is in line with the social ecological theory (Prins, 2005). Serious and violent juvenile offending can be prevented by carrying out several measures. To avoid children from turning out to be serious and violent juvenile offenders, actions have to be taken early enough. During developmental stages, children have to be taught the negative effects of crime and abuse of drugs which contribute immensely to youth delinquency. In areas that are mostly disadvantaged in particular, public health tactics must be implemented to tackle risk factors that compel the youth to engage in delinquency (Seredycz, 2010). Integration of services needed like child services, medical services and schools coupled with co-ordination can make contribute a lot towards violent juvenile offending. Example of primary prevention approaches that can be executed may involve interschool interpersonal skills training, support for teenaged parents as well as parent training so that they can learn how to handle their children in an effective manner that is guaranteed to bring out their full potential (Hamilton, 2011). Obstacles Facing the Various Rehabilitation Interventions First, there are scarce resources available. Screening as well as prioritizing of resources is not easy since there are a lot of projects that need funding. Most of the time what is allocated for rehabilitation programs is usually not enough to see the programs through to the end (Lobley Smith, 2007). Secondly, the intervention efforts usually face resistant from the client or family members. Sometimes the client in this case the offender may frustrate any efforts of positive intervention. Other times the family members may not agree to such interventions hence denying the client any chance of changing his or her life (Parker, 2007). Thirdly, organizational constraints also reduce the chances of success. At times, there are insufficient fitting and skilled practitioners. This makes the rate of interventions slower therefore not enough clients are able to gain from the interventions. Co-ordination of services across multiple agencies proves to be an uphill task therefore frustrating the rehabilitation efforts (MacKenzie, 2006). Recommendation There are several general needs that should be availed to persistent youth offenders and their families. First, their family environment should be improved. Dysfunctional family environments and interactions should be improved by all means necessary. The environment a child grows in will contribute a lot to the kind of adult the child becomes in the future as dictated by the social ecological theory. According to research, children who grow up in abusive environments where they are physically and psychologically abused end up engaging in crime and often elicit aggressive and antisocial behavior. This view is supported by the systems theory that family problems more often than not lead to delinquency (Masters, 2004). Second, familial affection and bond should be enriched. Family bond ensures that family members care for one another and work hard to improve the welfare of one another. Familial affection ensures that children feel free to share their problems with their parents since they know they will receive the necessary support and guidance (McIvor Raynor, 2007). This strategy is can be backed up by the attachment theory that calls for strong physical and emotional attachment among primary care givers. Third, enhance problem-solving skills. In a world where problems and conflicts are virtually impossible to avoid, having appropriate problem-solving skills and developing non-violent conflict patterns will contribute a lot in living a better life. Most youth offenders are driven by anger and poor conflict management skills which compels them to do things that the society does not agree with. As such, having this skills in their arsenal will ensure that they restrain themselves from resulting to violent means of handling their problems which may result in jail time (Layton, 2002). Four, improving parenting skills should be prioritized. Every parent should have an idea of how children ought to be handled whether male or female. There should be an element of give and take and the parent must create a system where there are specific consequences for their actions. The discipline practices guarantee that the child exercises restraint as far as committing certain negative behaviors is concerned. Disciplining children also helps parents to be responsible adults who are able to respect the law of the land hence reducing their chances of finding themselves in prison for breaking the law in one way or the other (Cornelius, 2010). Five, help is needed to help the young come up with constructive leisure activities. Whenever you people are idle, they tend to engage in destructive activities like drug abuse, unprotected sex as well as criminal activities. Persistent young offenders should be encouraged to engage in constructive hobbies like dancing, reading books as well as sports that will help in nurturing their talent and destruct them from any thoughts of going back to the negative ways of crime (Goodman, 2012). Conclusion All in all, rehabilitating offenders is a noble task aimed at transforming offenders lives so that they can abandon their bad activities like engaging in crime and assault. For the rehabilitation to bear fruits, proper assessment must be done so as to determine the risk factors and in the process devise better ways as well as appropriate programs that will be of maximum help to an offender. As far as the case study is concerned, Nigel needs to be enrolled in a prison-based violent offender program where he can be able to go through different approaches like education and training to ensure he does not go back to crime. Taking courses in prison is rather difficult because at times prisoners are released early, some prefer to earn a living by participating in paid prison work and some get transferred to other prisons. As far as treatment is concerned, Nigel should counseling especially for the physical and psychological abuse that he received from his parents. In addition, Help should be offered on the best ways to avoid drug abuse. Some of the measures that can be taken to prevent the likelihood of children turning out to be serious and juvenile offenders comprise of tackling risk factors that compel the youth to turn to crime, integration of crucial services like medical and child services as well as proper coordination from different agencies. To ensure that there is a reduction in repeat youth offenders, assistance must be given to ensure that they come up with constructive hobbies. Parental skills and family affection must also be improved. Furthermore, their problem-solving skills must be enhanced and proper guidance given. References Burkhead, M. D. (2007).The treatment of criminal offenders: A history. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. Christian, J., Martinez, D. J., Veysey, B. M. (2009).How offenders transform their lives. Cullompton: Willan Pub. Cornelius, G. F. (2010).The correctional officer: A practical guide. Durham, N.C: Carolina Academic Press. Crow, I. (2001).The treatment and rehabilitation of offenders. London: SAGE. Dawe, S., National Centre for Vocational Education Research (Australia). (2007).Vocational education and training for adult prisoners and offenders in Australia: Research readings. Adelaide: NCVER. Flowers, R. B. (2002).Kids who commit adult crimes: Serious criminality by juvenile offenders. New York: Haworth Press. Goodman, A. (2012).Rehabilitating and resettling offenders in the community. Chichester: John Wiley Sons. Hamilton, Z. K. (2011).Treatment Matching for Substance-Abusing Offenders. El Paso: LFB Scholarly Pub. LLC. Kemshall, H. (2008).Understanding the community management of high risk offenders. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Layton, M. K. D. (2002).Reducing the Criminal Activities of Known Offenders and Delinquents: Crime Prevention in the Courts and Corrections (From Evidence-Based Crime Prevention, P 330-404, 2002, Lawrence W. Sherman, David P. Farrington, et al, eds., -- See NCJ?198648). United States. Lobley, D., Smith, D. (2007).Persistent young offenders: An evaluation of two projects. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. Masters, R. (2004).Counseling criminal justice offenders. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. MacKenzie, D. L. (2006).What works in corrections: Reducing the criminal activities of offenders and delinquents. New York: Cambridge University Press. McIvor, G., Raynor, P. (2007).Developments in social work with offenders. London: Jessica Kingsley. Parker, M. (2007).Dynamic security: The democratic therapeutic community in prison. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Priestley, P., Vanstone, M. (2009).Rehabilitating offenders: Key readings. Cullompton: Willan. Prins, H. (2005).Offenders, deviants or patients?. London: Brunner-Routledge. Richmond, D. (2006).Barriers to reentry for ex-offenders: Factors contributing to recidivism. Seredycz, M. A. (2010).Offender drug abuse and recidivism: An access to recovery program. El Paso [Tex.: LFB Scholarly Pub. Sherman, L. W. (2002).Evidence-based crime prevention. London: Routledge.

Present How Strategic Planning, Performance Improvement, and Information Systems Are Interrelated and Fundamental to the Delivery of Quality Healthcare Essay Example

Present How Strategic Planning, Performance Improvement, and Information Systems Are Interrelated and Fundamental to the Delivery of Quality Healthcare Essay HCA 340 Managing in Health Human Services Instructor: Elizabeth Wells-Beede Latriest Fisher July 18, 2011 Course Learning and Outcomes Read texts that you deem most important or relevant for a course first, particularly when your professor mentions a passage or when a reading is to be covered in class. Prioritize readings by determining what will be reviewed in discussion sections and by knowing test dates and due dates for papers. Be sure that you have enough time to complete your reading assignments by scheduling more time than you think you need. To get the most from your class readings, use the following tips; managing reading assignments, and Reading effectively. Condense information take margin notes and highlight important points within readings. When it is time to study for tests, focus on the notes youve taken and the passages youve highlighted in a separate notebook; write down ideas and questions that arise while youre reading. This will help you think critically about what youve read, and will serve as a guide as you study for tests, write papers, and ask questions in class. Identify sequences of events in your readings and make lists to put events in order. We will write a custom essay sample on Present How Strategic Planning, Performance Improvement, and Information Systems Are Interrelated and Fundamental to the Delivery of Quality Healthcare specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Present How Strategic Planning, Performance Improvement, and Information Systems Are Interrelated and Fundamental to the Delivery of Quality Healthcare specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Present How Strategic Planning, Performance Improvement, and Information Systems Are Interrelated and Fundamental to the Delivery of Quality Healthcare specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Gain a broader understanding of what you read by visualizing characters and working to grasp their motivations. Be attentive to cause-effect relationships that are central to knowing why events happen. Prioritize your reading assignments, Read the assignments that you deem to be most important first. If you know some readings will be covered in class, or if your professor has mentioned specific reading assignments, those may be your priority. Similarly, you may want to prioritize assignments in which youre reading about things you dont know over assignments that cover subjects that youre familiar with. Generally, you may want to read primary source assignments for a class before reading secondary source is to find a place to read where you feel comfortable. An ideal place to read minimizes outside distractions and is well lit. Evaluate the reading progress you make where you currently study. If you feel you could read better elsewhere, give a new place a try. To become an effective reader, you must be an active reader. That means doing more than just reading the words on each page of a reading assignment; it means becoming involved with material and thinking about it while you read. The basic steps for becoming an active reader are: Know generally what youre going to cover in a reading assignment and why. Make a rough outline of the reading assignment as you go Watch for key terms and take notes with brief definitions Take notes on the main points and general themes Summarize your reading assignments in short paragraphs Write a short reflective response about the reading assignment after youre finished with it . Skim texts and read selectively only if you dont have enough time to devote to reading an entire assignment. To skim a text you need to: Read introductions, conclusions, and summary paragraphs, read the first and last lines of paragraphs look at all illustrations, graphs, and tables read all words and phrases that are highlighted in bold or italics. The Discussion questions that have to be answered each week are a form of seeing if we have read and understood the particular chapter. The process of responding to your fellow classmates gives us the ability to interact with our fellow classmates. To have a view of their opinion as well as gaining a new friend that you may have to call on down the road.